Understanding the Role of Methylene Blue in the Treatment of Psychogenic Purpura

The International Journal of Psychiatry in Medicine published a groundbreaking article in 1991 by Ruijter et al. titled "Methylene Blue in the treatment of psychogenic purpura". 

The study explored the use of Methylene Blue (MB) as a treatment for psychogenic purpura, a condition characterised by unexplained bruising, primarily in female patients, which is believed to be a physical manifestation of psychological distress. The researchers found that MB significantly improved the psychological symptoms in patients with this disorder. 

For an overview of psychogenic disorders, see the Cleveland Clinic article What Are Psychogenic Disorders?

Understanding Psychogenic Purpura

Psychogenic purpura, also known as Gardner-Diamond Syndrome, or auto-erythrocyte sensitisation syndrome, is a rare condition where patients experience spontaneous bruising, usually following emotional or physical stress. The condition is named after the doctors who first described it in 1955. It is believed that the syndrome is a psychosomatic disorder, with bruising and skin discolouration resulting from psychological factors such as stress, anxiety, or depression.

Methylene Blue and Its Role in Treatment

Methylene Blue, a compound with a long history in medicine, was the focus of the study of Ruijter et al.. It has been used in various treatments, including methemoglobinemia and malaria, and as a stain in biological research. In this study, it was used to treat patients with psychogenic purpura, and the results were promising.

The study found that using MB improved the patients' psychological symptoms. This improvement is believed to be due to MB's ability to act as a monoamine oxidase inhibitor (MAOI). MAOIs are drugs that increase levels of certain chemicals in the brain to help improve mood and reduce anxiety. Therefore, the use of MB as a treatment for psychogenic purpura may not only alleviate the physical symptoms but also address the underlying psychological factors contributing to the condition.

Conclusion

Although the study by Ruijter et al. is from 1991, it provides valuable insights into potential treatment options for psychogenic purpura, a condition that remains somewhat enigmatic even today. The use of Methylene Blue shows promise, as it appears to address the disorder's physical and psychological aspects. However, more recent and extensive research is necessary to fully understand this treatment's potential benefits and risks.

As always, individuals experiencing symptoms of psychogenic purpura or any other health concerns should consult with a healthcare professional for diagnosis and treatment options.

While promising, more recent research is needed to confirm the efficacy and safety of MB for psychogenic purpura. If you experience unexplained bruising, talk to your doctor or a mental health professional. Resources like the ADAA can provide support for anxiety, depression, and related issues.

Current Research

Since the 1991 study, limited new research has been done on MB for psychogenic purpura. A 2015 case report found some efficacy but called for controlled studies. A 2020 literature review concluded that evidence was still scarce and highlighted the need for further investigation into dosage, safety and psychiatric care.